The five pillars of Islam are the basic duties that every Muslim must fulfill. They represent the basis of Islamic faith and practice. Are they:
1. Shahada:
The declaration of faith. It consists of affirming that there is no other divinity other than God (Allah) and that Mahammed is his messenger. It is the first step towards converting to Islam and must be recited daily by the faithful.
2. Salat:
Ritual prayer. It must be performed five times a day, facing the holy city of Mecca. The prayer is made up of specific gestures and words, following a pre-established script. Before praying, the Muslim must perform ablution, which is the purification of some parts of the body with water.
3. Zakat:
Mandatory charity. It consists of donating a part of the annual income to the poor and needy, as a way of purifying wealth and promoting social justice. The value of Zakat varies according to the donor’s type of income and financial situation, but generally corresponds to 2.5% of the total.
4. Sawm:
Fasting during the month of Ramadan. During this holy month, Muslims must abstain from eating, drinking, smoking and sexual intercourse from sunrise to sunset. Fasting is an act of devotion, discipline and self-control, as well as a way of showing solidarity with those who suffer from hunger and thirst.
5. Hajj:
The pilgrimage to Mecca. It is every Muslim’s dream to make this trip at least once in their life, if they have the physical and financial means to do so. The pilgrimage takes place in the last month of the Islamic calendar and involves a series of rituals that symbolize the faith and unity of the faithful.
Conclusion:
These are the five pillars of Islam, which express the fundamental principles of the Muslim religion. By fulfilling them, the Muslim demonstrates his submission and obedience to God, seeking his approval and reward in the present and future life.
